Refrigeratory apparatus.



1. c. VKmoN. REFHIGERATORY APPARATUS.`

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.V l l, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SNEEJ 3.

HQ/5;? Z

, W V y/ '7 l V L yFammi De@h 18,1917.

UNITED STATESWlTENT OFFICE.

com: c. xxr'foN, or Cameco, rumors.

j BEFBIGERATORY APPARATUS.

12505898. 1 speeincauon of Letten Patent. Patented Dee, 18, 1917, /Appllcatiun med september 11,'1916. -srial'lmnmul l Toa'Zl uiltom it 'may concern: is automatically circulatedland carried `to Be it Vknown 'that I, Jeux C. K1'r'roN,"a Jthe principal bearings of the `pparatus, and citi/.cn ofthe United. StutesofAmerica, allowcdtwdrop into'its former receptac1e,. residiiigfnt -Chicugn in` the county of Cook thus avoiding churning offojl end prevent- 6e 5 und Statefof illinois, have invented certain 1`ng vul'ior of oil 4going over with ammonia I new undwuseful, Iinprovementsin Refriggus." 4r- I ,v '1 .l

`erul'ory Apparatus-Q of whichnthe following "lheunvention isfui'thcr characterized' byl 4i rspecihciltion,'rcference'being had thereun uppur'utus wherein 'the u -tsV ure oon-y 'in to the uceoiliphllying drawings. structed wlth u. view of re uelng thecost 65 10 `This ihveiitionv relates to a refrigerutory of manufacture und ut the sume .time retain 'apparatus andmy-invention is cliljrncter-l those feuturcs by which durability; simizcdliy @novel compressor', u condenser, u pl'lcltyv construction andlease" 0f assem heugt` :ibsorhing"` device,l 'press-nrercguhtting blin'gfarc secured,A und with such endsin vulves,a.n'd feoolingndlbricuting.s stems,` vie'wmyvlnvention residesy in thenovel con- 70 e 15 ailioffwhich" ere cmpectlyurrnngc to instruction;combination fundfurrungemntof sereni-high greefof-eir'ienc'yngirsifying :'pnrts to be-hereinafter'specifically described inin'n hund:ouferfcoinuiunicutingand cirtional view Lof the refrigertory apparatus,..- '.'cumferentully disposed conduits. providing somewhat"diugrummatically 1llUstrated;

ii sinousiii' 'vft ssuge `for `:mimonizu i H Fig. is` a.ve1ticul Scchonillvviciv of the gli iind-,thezurijngementg of; "the conduits fis com `.und -condenser"- o ffthe' uppnrulaus; so

' mpesso proper is disposed i Fig;,3'isfufhorizontulsectional view taken Thi ,xiingemerrt-p I f ture*lindf'accessibility;` Fig.5"is` un'clevution of :tbc apparatus, 85

` 3u" .lfhe' heub-ubsorbing evice affords u' purtly in-isecti'on, showngthev preferred arl long gll"l -sinuo'us or toi'tous lissage Afor rnngementof de'yiccs;

vids u ompactstruc; Y matin bearingof the uppalrttus ununoninorh similur'lluid nn provides n l"1g. (l isn similnr View 4tuken, on the line largenrenjexposcd to tliefuction of u cool- VI--Vllof'liig 4; f ing 'ugent so thut ammonia or 'u `similur Fig. isn plan of the coinpresSor,-purtly 90 35 Hurd passing through the device muy be exy broken uwny und partly in seGtiOn, en d .pcditiously und economically gusiiedr l l"ig.8 isnnzenlurged sectional view taken "lhe pressure regulating `valves are ofthe `on. lthe line VIII-VIII of Fig; 7.

diiiphragm type and are en -important ad# In describing my invention -bynid of the jnnctof'the entire apparatus by nutom'utiviews nbove, .referred tog] desire to point 95' 40 cally controlling the 'pressure of ammonio out that the sanne ure'intended us merely gus to thecompressor. I ly reguluting the illustrative ns un example whereby my iiisu ly of ,ummoniu' gus to the compressor vention muy be put to raetioe, und I do not nnpnutomilticullv controlling the snme, less eine to confine myseli) to the precise Yconpower is required when sl'nrting the comstruction und arrangement of parts shown. 100 l5 pressor, nsmnmoniat gusfis'prei'ented from l`he following description is therefore to be e mrt-,mnuh'xting in the compressor, when there broadly construed as including substitute- 'fis n c it'ion in the r'ipcrutiou of 'the sume. constructions und nrrungements of 'parts ilhe cooling system offthe nppurtus inwhichnre the obvious equivalent of those l, clinics n water' jacket for `'the' bearing of to be hereiniifter referredto. j 105 no the mein drv'en shaft of lhc nppnrntus und 4ln the drawings, l denotes u foundation this hem-ing walter jacket is in communionor bed plate foru longitudinal bearing r2, lion with the wuterjncket ofthe condenser so which is cored out-or' bored to v rovide an that ai cooling ugent, nswufer, muy be cirnmmonin clnunber El; n wuter cliumber 0r culnlud around-desired parts. The lnbricntjnclcet 4, und u lubricant and hydraulic 110 5,6 in system includesl lubricant: receptacles or ehnmher .5, said lubricant chamber` bein we S containing pumps und the lubricant concentric of the water chamber or jacket "l,

'jas

One end of tlic lubricant chamber 5 terminates at a bearing for a driven-shaft, 7, Said shaft being journaled in a stuffing box 8 closing the opposite end of the lubricant and hydraulic chamber 5. t

9 denotes a transmission housing suitably connected to that cud of the bearing 2 containing the stuffing box 8 and said transf.

mission housing is preferably madelfin two parts suitablyconnectcd together, as at 10, so that| easy access may be. had to the interior of the housing. cxtendsthrough thcfh'ousing 9 and is j ouinaled--in"'a shitting-bojxff l1 carried thereby.

On 'the shaft fi' `4`within the holisinv' l)` is a 1 Y 17denotesii crank case mounted upc-inthe;

bed plate orffoundation 1'againstthe end of the bearing?, and 'saidcrank cas in'closes the crankiort'ioii 18""of the drivi'enshaft A'2r crank' case"1.7hs".i :detachable bearing 1 7 for the eiid of thedriven shaft 7 and this bearing' issup'plied: with a ,lubricantgas will,

hereimftseepean.

.Tl'iffnpp'er'end of the crank case 1 7 has an openingfQQ and eg'i'tnding;V therein is vthe lower end- Qlfoff u coftnpreor 4cylinder 22. The lower "en d 21 of tl'ie compressor cylinder. liasan annuliirfgroove cooperating wit-li a similar groovefihpthe upper end of the crankcase-in providing' a channel 23 and this'fchannel is in" communication .with a p luralt of upwardly directed an larlydispose ports 2l,' said ports communicating with the bore 25 of the cylinder 22.

26 denotes a piston, body slidable in the lowei-end f the cylinder bore 25 and said piston body is' connected by a connecting rod 27 to the ci-ank portion 18 ofthe 4driven shaft 7 ."'llie inner ond of the piston body 26 is provided with a rod 28 having` a-,valve head29.y Slidaljlefupoii the rod.28 isa piston 30 4having the usual packing rings insuring aY nbn-Ieakable` connection between the wall's of the piston and the walls of the cylinder bore25. The piston 30 serves'as a valve seat member for the, 'valve head 29, Said piston inclosng the, ,valve head 29 and being hollou'edfout. to provide'clearance therefor. vEncircling the rod 28 between the valve head 29 andthe 'piston isa coiled compression spring 31 holding the 'piston or valve scatl member normally seated upon the valve head 29. The piston 30 luis longitudinal'ports 32, normally communicating with the lowerv end of the cylinder bore 25 and adapted for establishing communica--` tion between the ports 24'and the upper end .The driven shaft 'T 7 into ports of the cylinder bore Q5 when the valve head 29 recedes from its seat in the piston 30. 33 denotes a check valve body mounted upon the upper .end of the coinpressorlcygl inder Q2 and having a valve seat portion.

34 atA the upper end of the cylinder br'25; j

A,The check valve body 33 has a-poitcd guida $55 for a spring pressed normally closed- .37 denotes a c1rcular .condenser the former and having the lower endsthere- Aof closedi. These inner and routerconduits constltute condenser chambers arranged ni p roximity to the compressor cylinder 22and circumferentially thereof, such arrangei'nentv insurin eompaetness v41 venot'es a ca mounted on the condenservhead 37.V T ejcaptl has a radially' disposedtpassage 42 communicating with an sage'42,communicating with theupper end` icf of, thelleylinder bore'25, when t check opening'd centrally o f the condenserjhead andthe opeinngQ'permits ofthe p'asnuinicates. with one of' the innerconduits 39; aiidftlie iemainmginner conduits 39 are each connected by shortreoesses44 and ports, .45 1in tli t`- condenser head 37 to thejupperA ends. ,of` the outer conduits 40, and in conse-` q uence;` ofthis arrangement ammonia passing through tlie passi 1ge42 is admitted. :to an` inner conduit 39 to pass throughout 'tlielength thereof int'thc bottoinof an outer conduit 40, ascend in said outer coiiduit to pass through a portl into theupper end of another inner. conduit', down the conduit and up anfouterconduit and 'sc on,

until. the ammonia gas eventually 'passes out of the/upper end of an outer conduit 39 erence/ to iig. 1. 'it will be. noted that the ino nerallv designated 45. By refpo'rts generally designated 45 are formed in i the condenser head 37, the walls of the compresso' cylinder 2'2, walls of the crank case 17, and walls` of'the bearing Q, said ports opening into the ammonia reservoir 3. It is therefore apparenttthat' the inner and outer e/enduits 39 and 40 in conjunction with the condenser -liead 37 and the 'cap 4l'thereof,V provide a sinuousor tortuoiis passavo for amnioiiia gas from the compressor cylinder '22 and that before the anuonia zas has traversed the upand down passage of the condenser, that it. has been converted' into liquid ammonia and tinallyv collected in the ammonia chamber` 3.A

4,7 denotes a pipe connecting the b ottom of the ammonia' lchamber 3 with a primary 'where it regulating and controlling valve' generally designated 48 and best shown in Fig. 1. The rimary regulating valve comprises bodies 49 and 50, the former housing a needie valve 51 controlling admission of liquid ammonia to the ybody 49. The needle valve `51 is adjustedmthr'ough the medium of av pivoted bell crank 52,'a link 53, and a.y rod 54, said rod extending into` is connected to a diaphra 55 within said body. Flexure 'of the diap ragm 55,l is re lated by a ysetscrew56 and an 1nterpo coiled compression spring, the tenscrevs 56. ttending' through the screw 56 isan adjustable 'rod 56 attached to the 'sion of'i theflsprifng being regulated bythel justingthe screw 56 `the diaphra flexed upward andfheld `So t ing valve maybe-.utilized asa shut-off valve. L58. denotesalfpipe communicatin with may - the bottom ofthe body. 49 and -:said pipe'exrelation a val ves and daphragins 71, the flexure o tendsf through :ii-tank 59=s`idapted to con- 'agendas-brine. yThe inner ithinqth'e cooling tank v59. hI thezhcad 60 in super-y .Y `l'prallel `ijineiwconduits ,61. and incl'osing'.l said"` conduits, at .opposite sides ofil the. head 6 0, @are`A longitudina ly alining iunicates`lw,i`t,h--,ithe;V lowerm'ost outer conf duitand `theiriner ends` of the outer con-` duit 62 are!connectedk tofthe inner ends of theouter'fcOndnits 63 1lb angularly disposed portsinthe`` heady-60.-1'v y e upperinost, outer conduit62hasianoutlet through the head the inner-andeutet' conduits 61, 62 Vand 63' in con)unction,\vith ,the distributing lhead 60p'rovideavfsinuous or tortuous passage for ammonia; throughthe cooling tank 59. Thus the outer conduits 62 and 63 present largexareas to the cooling action of the brine or agent withinithe'K tank 59, Vand the Aainmonia is. thoroughly gasified before reach ing theoutlet pipe 65.

66 denotes the body offa dual regulating and'controlllng valve and said body is con-- ii'ectcd' tofthe pi e 65 to receive ammonia gas therefrom. n the valve bodyj 66 are needle valves 67 and 68, the former conw trolling a large port. and the latter a small port, as best shown iii-Fig. 1. T hcsc needle are regulated through the medium of pivotcdbell Acranks 69, diaplira in rods the lattcr `being furthermore regulated by set screws 72, adjustable rods 72., and coiled compression springs 73. The adjustable 4rods 72* permit of the regulating valve being ,used as .shut-off vulves. similar to the valve 48.

-The admission of ammonia gas to the valve body 66a,l controlled lbythe needle valvesv 67 and 68 and said valve body has a passage the body `5othe lwer end o 'sor cylinder; 22. `The downstroke of the vpisat t e regulat.

long as conditions arenormal,

74 connected by a pipe 7 5 to the diaphragm body 50 of the primary regulating valve 48. 76 denotes a pipe connecting the passage 74 of the valve body 66 to a port 78 in-t le wall of the crank case 17, this last mentioned ort communicating with channel 23 in the ower end of the compressor cylinder 22.

, Before considering the cooling andlubri- 'eating systems of the apparatus, I -will describe the convertingI of quid ammonia into ammonia gas and vice versa. l

Assuming that the 'compressor is placed in operation by startingfthe motor 16, an upstroke of the piston -or valve seat `member 30, Vwhich is raised by the rod 28 and the valve head,29 pulls ammonia gus through th'bore 25 of the compres\ ton -body26 unseat'sthe pistbn 30 relative 'l to the valve head 29,l allowing theammonia gas to-pass g through the piston 30 into the upper end of the cylinder 25, and4 then upon another upstrokeofl thevpiston body 26, the ammonia gas is 436,'unseated, and the ammonia gasj forced into `the condenser vinner .and outer"conduits 29yand40. The ammonia gas, by reason `of these condenser conduits being cooled asV will hereinafter apear, is eventuallyl discharged from the con enser in liquid form and tions Athrough the ports 45'to theammonia chambei' 3. From the ammonia. rcliambei- 3, .the

regulating valve48, and assuming*y that the Lneedle valve 51 allows-theliquid ammonia to flow throughthe'bodyl 49 into thcfpipe'58, the liquid ammoniagis4 g heat from the contents of the tank 59 and is emitted fromtheh'e'at absorbing deviceas `ammonia'gas;- Passingthrough the pipe-65 theammonia gas enters the dual. regulatin valve 6 6 and further assuming that. co'ndi tions are normal the ammonia gas ris draw'n through the ipe' 76, 'and port 78 into 'the compressor. his operation fis continuous -as If the comco'mpresscd, the checkvalve ammonialiows by4 gravity to the primary ioc asitied by absorbing presser is to `be operated under yfifteen pounds suction pressure, as an instance, then the primary regulation valve 48 adpisted whereby fifteen pounds suction pressure for operating the compressor will, through the -inedium of the diaphragm 55 adjust the needle valve 51 soV that a desired or prvdeternnncd quantity of liquid ammonia will .be admitted to the heat absorbing device to `be gasified thereby.' In` consequence of' this arrangement, the primary regulating valre- 48 will insure a proper supply of gasified ammonia tothe compressor under normal conditions.

As illustrating the necessity of using the dirai valve' 66. l will assume ,tlijat'the appa.-

` ratus has .becnjn operation; for some time and is. then shutdown. s tl'i'er'e will be fliquid ammonia in the heat absorbing-device, the ammonia win be gasista and heid from entering the compressorby reason of the needle valves 67 and G8. H it werenot for these needle valves, which are automatically adjusted by excessive ammonia gas pressure, theexcessive.v pressure of ammonia,

gas would pass into the compressor thereby requiring considerable' power,` undoubtedly?. reater than that of the." motor 16%` to stai-t" t e compressor. I tis therefore the purpose' of the dual valve'tto prevent an excessive.

pressure of ammonia gas from enteringfthe compressor, Assuming thatthe diaphragm,

' 'of" the needle valve 67 is regulated' twenty pounds pressure and the diaphra of the needle valve 68 for twenty? ve pounds pressure, tl-ien on starting the com'-v pressor, the nedlevalve 67 is first opened,

yro'

th'entlieneedlevalveid; and as the excessive.

pressureis gradually reduced or assumed normal, the diaphragm of the;piina'ryv ,regulating valveeve'ntually opens 'the needle f valve 51, thereby allowing liquid ammonia to'fflow to the heat absorbing' device for gasifyinp; purposes. The 'dual' valve/SG therefore performs` an important function .inlconnection with; the` apparat'ns by pre;` Y venting' an excessive pressure or accumula-Q tion'of gasied ammonia from retarding the' usual Vstarting operation of 'the compressor otherwise, the compressor maybe ratusthan used under normal operations'.j

' Considering the coolingsystem ,in con-q,

. provided A-with.-a'waterjacket and? water.

nection with the lbearing 2 andthe con: denser, water Qi' asimilar cooling agent is rendered inoperative unless provision was madey or f using;` greater power tfoi' starting theappa of the lubricant; chamber 5 and contiguous to thefbearnig (Va-nd the stuffing box 8. The pump '8l raises what oil is necessary to raise the pressure in chamber 5 ,say to fifty l pounds-the release valve being set at that pressure or anypressure to. overcome,.the

effects o f pressui -e in the' crank:case 17, thereby insuring against stuing; box leakage :gud creating anautomatic lpacked stuffing ox. Thefpump 85fislocated within the crank case 17 and Vhas avdependin pipe 92 g exto ther` bearing 1'7. of the crnk.ca se,17,

and then by ports 94 to, other bearings of said .crank cnse,. wh ere it drops back intoreceptacle '19 and prevents the. crank from threshing the o1-1 into vapor -to be carried over with lthe ammonia' gas.

As hemboforeamentned, i .15, more or diagrammatic, andas instance of. "ag preferred. arrangement,-` the., compressor and-condenser havebeen shownin Fi 5:' as.; beleg. moineau-directly above: the est' `a t soi bi1 ig` device, `:with-'the primaryandfdual regulating .valvesjn thev brine.,fof'.the1ta.iik.

tending into ,the lubricant we 1 orrescrvoirj 1 9. Anothenpipe 193 leads fronithe pump.t

59. `This arrangementielimiiiatesgvalves, el- `f bows,` p ipes andexpdsed ttings, asal1partscontaining ammoniaz-gagi` are. under .water 95 t Vor brine, ,thus.,provid1ng a foolpproof and 'fz safeotfit thatcan beadvantageouslynfsed admitted' through a pipe .83* :and a, port-1y thereon-'acompressonliaving ported'crankV 83 into the' top of a chamber orjacket ,'-case'abutting anyendQofxsaidbearingfaiccnformed by placing a cover 82 uponthe upper end of the crank case 17, to inclose the cd to receive `vgas therefr om,' a water'jac et` Y and from said chamber through an outlet port 79, consequently water or a simil'au agent can be circulated 'around the bearing 2 of the compressor, keeping it at a normal temperature.

The lubricating system includes two pumps 84 and 85 the. former being located -in lthe transmission 'casing 9 and operated from the driven shaft 7. T he pump 84 raises what lubricant that may accumulate .within the transmission casing 9 to 'the lubricant chamber 5 around the driven shaft 7. This is accomplished by a pipe 86 connecting the pump with :i portl` 87 of the bearing leading to the chamber 5. The pipe 86 has a check valve 88 and a release valve 89, both ofthese valves being of a conventional fol'm. Vithin the lubricant'chamber' is an aperturcd sleeve 90 and this 165 sleeve retains suitable packingV 91 at the ends inclosingsaid condenser adapted to' receive said bearing; :in ammoniaV chamber in bearing in coni n1cation "with said con- 1through vthe portedbearing andi'crank. case of` saidcompressor,I a primary regulating i valvcadapted td 'receive ammonia "from water tooverow into the ported. crank case" ,ofsaid" compressor and enter the ]acketfof denser -and adap edygto-i receive ammonia said chamber, fand a -heat -absorbing device benringa compressor at one .end of saidl bearing operated at one end of Isaid shaft and provided with portsregistering with the ports of said bearing, a condenser surrounding said compressor and adapted' toI receive ,uns therefrom, a water jacket in clo's-4 ing said compressor, said compressor havapted to supply ammonia` isq ing ports registering xvith ports of said bear1 ing to communicate with the water Jacket of saidivbearmg, n primary ,regulating valve adapted to7'rece1ve Iammonia from said chamber, ahem-, absorbing device in communication wlthsaid valve, and e dual. reguvlatini; valve in communication with said primary valve and said'E heat absorbing de-` vice, and said compressor adapted forregu lati the pressure of gas from said heat absor ing device to saidcompressor.

3.' -In a refrigeratory apparatus, the coinbination with'a compressor, a condenser, and

a heat absorbing device adapted for supplying ammonia gas to. said compressor and receivmg liquld ammonia. from sald condenser, of a rimary diaphragm "actuated g y regulating va vefnormally" in communica- `Avice, and a dual pressure actuetedre in? valve interposed between said primary' va v device In testimony whereof I alix my signature in presenoepof two witnesses.

e andeaid heat absorbing device adaptedto be successively actuated by excessive pressures of `gas; fron seid heat absorbing o JOHN. C. KITTON.

Witnesses; V i l ANNA M.' Doim,

KARL H. Buma. 

